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Battle of Himera (480 BC)
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Battle of Himera (480 BC) : ウィキペディア英語版
Battle of Himera (480 BC)

The Battle of Himera (480 BC), supposedly fought on the same day as the more famous Battle of Salamis,〔Herodotus, (7.166 )〕 or at the same time as the Battle of Thermopylae,〔Diodorus Siculus, (11.24.1 )〕 saw the Greek forces of Gelon, King of Syracuse, and Theron, tyrant of Agrigentum, defeat the Carthaginian force of Hamilcar the Magonid, ending a Carthaginian bid to restore the deposed tyrant of Himera. The alleged coincidence of this battle with the naval battle of Salamis and the resultant derailing of a Punic-Persian conspiracy aimed at destroying the Greek civilization〔Diodorus Siculus, XI.1〕 is rejected by modern scholars.〔''Cambridge Ancient History'' Vol. IV p773-774〕 Scholars also agree that the battle led to the crippling of Carthage's power in Sicily for many decades.〔Baker, G.P., ''Hannibal'', p15-17 ISBN 0-8154-1005-0〕〔''Cambridge Ancient History'' Vol. IV p775〕 It was one of the most important battles of the Greek-Punic wars.
==Background==
The Phoenicians had planted trading posts all over the coast of Sicily after 900 BC, but had never penetrated far inland. They had traded with the Elymian, Sicani and Siculi communities and ultimately withdrew without resistance to Motya, Panormus and Solus when the Greek colonists arrived after 750 BC.〔Thucydides VI.2.6〕 These cities remained independent until becoming part of the Carthaginian hegemony after 540 BC, probably when Malchus of Carthage "conquered all Sicily" and sent the captured booty to Tyre .〔Freeman, Edward A., ''History of Sicily'', Volume 1, p283-297 – public domain book〕

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